Which drug used on CPB provides cerebral protection against ischemia and is listed in the material?

• A. Pentothal
• B. Halothane
• C. Nifedipine
• D. Chlorpromazine

Answer: (A)

Protecting the brain during cardiopulmonary bypass centers on lowering its energy needs so it can tolerate periods of reduced blood flow. Thiopental (Pentothal) achieves this by markedly decreasing cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen, which lowers the brain’s oxygen demand and helps protect neurons during ischemic intervals. It also promotes EEG suppression, reflecting the reduced cerebral activity that accompanies its protective state. Halothane, while it can depress metabolism, tends to increase cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure, making it less ideal for this targeted protection. The other drugs don’t provide the specific neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia that thiopental does.